An aortic dissection is a tear in the inner layer of your aortic wall somewhere between your chest and your abdomen. Most likely, it was caused by an aneurysm, a bulge in the wall of your aorta. The tear causes the inner and middle layers of your aorta to separate. If this ruptures, it can be fatal, so it is important to obtain emergency medical attention if you suspect something is wrong.

Symptoms of an aortic dissection can resemble those of a heart attack, including chest pain, shortness of breath and sometimes loss of consciousness. People with connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome are at a greater risk of aortic dissection.

Acute aortic syndromes, including dissections, intramural hematoma, penetrating ulcers and aneurysms, are life-threatening emergencies that require prompt diagnosis and treatment. Successful treatment depends on early diagnosis and early transfer to a specialized care facility.